Technical Library | 2020-11-19 20:35:26.0
Simultaneously with the first complex electronic circuits, the task of creating effective means of diagnosing and repairing them appeared. In previous decades, specialized programmable stands were used for diagnostics of serial electronic products, as well as various testers and probes for troubleshooting during their operation. But the dramatic increase in the density / cost factor, in parallel with the very rapid modification of electronic products, made programmable stands economically ineffective even in mass production. The use of traditional laboratory equipment (oscilloscopes, multimeters, etc.) requires power supply to the defective modules, which is often impossible and unsafe, since it can lead to failure of the working modules of the module. In addition, the use of this equipment requires documentation and highly qualified personnel. More automated and sophisticated signature analysis systems came to the rescue in solving this problem. A feature of these devices is that they allow you to test digital and analog assemblies without dismantling components and without supplying voltage.
Technical Library | 2015-04-30 20:17:03.0
Higher-speed signal transmission is increasingly required on a printed circuit board to handle massive data in electronic systems. So, signal transmission loss of copper wiring on a printed circuit board has been studied. First, total signal loss was divided into dielectric loss and conductor loss quantitatively based on electromagnetic theory. In particular, the scattering loss due to surface roughness of copper foil has been examined in detail. And the usefulness of the copper foil with low surface roughness has been demonstrated.
Technical Library | 2012-06-27 18:26:34.0
First published in the 2012 IPC APEX EXPO technical conference proceedings. Signal integrity analysis has shown that printed circuit board (PCB) insertion loss is a key factor affecting high speed channel performance. Determining and controlling PCB inser
Technical Library | 2018-11-29 13:43:54.0
Ionic contamination testing as a process control tool a newly developed testing protocol based on IPC-TM 650 2.3.25, was established to enable monitoring of ionic contamination within series production. The testing procedure was successfully implemented within the production of high reliability, safety critical electronic circuits, involving multiple production sites around the world. I will be shown in this paper that the test protocol is capable for meeting Six-Sigma-Criteria.
Technical Library | 2017-04-06 16:50:56.0
Silicon photonics is an IC technology where data is transferred using light that is routed on the chip using optical waveguides (Figure 1). Silicon photonics is best known as a method to solve problems with high input/output bandwidth applications. For example, because of ever-growing bandwidth requirements in datacenters, the optical transmit and receive heads are being placed closer and closer to the board and the IC. But, designers also apply this technology to biosensors, medical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. Regardless of the application, photonic ICs always need integration to electronic circuits and this results in unique challenges.
Technical Library | 2023-10-23 18:56:52.0
A thin chip package for off-the-shelf ICs is developed which enables the embedding of these chips into a flexible circuit board. The package consists of a copper fan-out on a polyimide substrate, in which the thinned IC (30um) is embedded. These packages are subsequently integrated in a standard flexible circuit board (FCB). A microcontroller and a proprietary DSP processor are embedded using this technology. The yield of the Ultra-Thin Chip package (UTCP) was measured before embedding in the circuit board, and reaches up to 87% for the packaged microcontrollers (MSP430 family, known-good dies). The yield on the DSP processor was measured to be 62%. After embedding in the FCB, 95% of the functional UTCP-packaged dies are still functional.
Technical Library | 2012-11-29 14:23:58.0
1000 units per day) production environment presents challenging technical, logistic and cost obstacles that are usually more complex than those encountered at the inspection (automated optical inspection) and the manufacturing process test step (in-circuit test).
Technical Library | 2021-08-11 00:55:44.0
In this article, the influence of shrinkage tensile stress in potting materials on the anti-overload performance of a circuit board was studied. Firstly, the phenomenon of shrinkage tensile stress in common potting materials was analyzed, and it was found that the commonly used potting adhesives displayed large shrinkage characteristics. Secondly, a small experiment was set up to verify that the shrinkage tensile stress of potting adhesives would lead to printed circuit board (PCB) deformation, and the shrinkage stress was contrary to the acceleration direction of overload. Thirdly, the influence of potting adhesives on the overload resistance of the PCB was analyzed.
Technical Library | 2015-07-16 17:24:23.0
Qualification of electronic hardware from a corrosion resistance standpoint has traditionally relied on stressing the hardware in a variety of environments. Before the development of tests based on mixed flowing gas (MFG), hardware was typically exposed to temperature-humidity cycling. In the pre-1980s era, component feature sizes were relatively large. Corrosion, while it did occur, did not in general degrade reliability. There were rare instances of the data center environments releasing corrosive gases and corroding hardware. One that got a lot of publicity was the corrosion by sulfur-bearing gases given off by data center carpeting. More often, corrosion was due to corrosive flux residues left on as-manufactured printed circuit boards (PCBs) that led to ion migration induced electrical shorting. Ion migration induced failures also occurred inside the PCBs due to poor laminate quality and moisture trapped in the laminate layers.
Technical Library | 2012-11-15 23:38:50.0
First published in the 2012 IPC APEX EXPO technical conference proceedings. As we progress in the 21st century, electronics manufacturing will need more and more precision. Parts will get more complex since more components have to be assembled in smaller spaces. Circuit boards and other electronic assemblies will become more densely populated; spacings between components will be shorter. This will require precision manufacturing and efficient cleaning during and post manufacturing. In addition, with population and technology progressing, larger amount of greenhouse gases will be emitted resulting in higher global warming. Intense research effort is going on to develop new generation of chemicals to address both cleaning and global warming issues. Low global warming solutions in refrigeration and as insulating agents are already in the marketplace.
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