Technical Library | 2023-01-17 17:12:33.0
Reflowed indium metal has for decades been the standard for solder thermal interface materials (solder TIMs or sTIMs) in most high-performance computing (HPC) TIM1 applications. The IEEE Heterogeneous Integration Thermal roadmap states that new thermal interface materials solutions must provide a path to the successful application of increased total-package die areas up to 100cm2. While GPU architectures are relatively isothermal during usage, CPU hotspots in complex heterogeneously-integrated modules will need to be able to handle heat flux hotspots up to 1000W/cm2 within the next two years. Indium and its alloys are used as reflowed solder thermal interface materials in both CPU and GPU "die to lid/heat spreader" (TIM1) applications. Their high bulk thermal conductivity and proven long-term reliability suit them well for extreme thermomechanical stresses. Voiding is the most important failure mode and has been studied by x-ray. The effects of surface pretreatment, pressure during reflow, solder flux type/fluxless processing, and preform design parameters, such as alloy type, are also examined. The paper includes data on both vacuum and pressure (autoclave) reflow of sTIMs, which is becoming necessary to meet upcoming requirements for ultralow voiding in some instances.
Technical Library | 1999-08-27 09:29:49.0
Contract packaging houses have to contend with a large mix of die types and products. Flexibility and quick turnaround of package types is a must in this industry. Traditional methods of die encapsulation, (i.e., use of transfer-molding techniques), are only cost effective when producing a large number of components. Liquid encapsulants now provide similar levels of reliability1, and are cost effective...
Technical Library | 2019-05-31 14:21:59.0
Microelectronics is the manufacture of systems built from extremely small electronic components. In today’s electronic world, devices must be portable, equipped with wireless technology and are driven by size, weight, power, and cost (SWaP-C). These system level drivers are crucial to all current and future electronic applications from personal computers and cellular telephones to military-fielded hardware, biomedical instrumentation, and space-flight hardware.
Technical Library | 1999-08-27 09:24:56.0
Dispensing conductive adhesives in an automated factory environment creates some special challenges. A robust production process starts with understanding the adhesives in their fluid state and which important parameters must be controlled. Developing this understanding requires experience with a large number of materials and valves over time. Common uses of conductive adhesives in surface mount applications, die attach applications, and gasketing are addressed. As vendors of dispensing equipment, the authors see a constant stream of such applications. Dispensing requirements, techniques, and equipment resulting from this experience are discussed. Guidelines for optimizing quality and speed are given.
Technical Library | 2019-11-13 13:53:50.0
Fiber optic harnesses appear simple, but they have been designed to maintain all of the critical areas of aligning two fibers and minimize the losses associated with a break in the transmission path. In order to understand how the connectors overcome alignment issues, we must first understand the issues. Fiber optic communications networks use specific wavelengths of light (or colors) to transmit information through a clear fiber at high speed. They use the property of internal reflection along the fiber’s axis to contain the light and keep the optical power high enough to be detected at the receiving end.
Technical Library | 2019-09-16 09:41:02.0
“What is Virtual Manufacturing?” The simplest answer is a manufacturing simulation using a computer. The more complete answer is that virtual manufacturing is the process of designing a model of a real system and conducting experiments with this model for the purpose of understanding the behavior of the system. In today’s complex manufacturing environment, processes must be completely understood before implementation in order to “get it right the first time.” To achieve this goal, the use of a virtual environment is essential for simulating individual manufacturing processes and the total manufacturing system. By driving compatibility between the product design and the assembly plant process, these virtual tools enable the early optimization of cost, quality, and time to help achieve integrated products, process and resource design, and affordability.
Technical Library | 2019-09-27 09:14:41.0
One of the most critical factors in preventing corrosion from occurring in electronics is maintaining the state of cleanliness. This is not an easy feat to achieve. Corrosion is defined as the deterioration of a material or its properties due to a reaction of that material with its chemical environment. [1] So, to prevent corrosion from occurring, either the material or the chemical environment must be adjusted. Adjusting the material usually means application of a protective coating or replacing a more reactive material with a less reactive material. Adjusting the chemical environment usually means removing ionic species through cleaning, and removing moisture, usually with a conformal coating or hermetic package. Ionic species and moisture are problematic because they form an electrolyte which is able to conduct ions and electricity. Any metal that comes into contact with the electrolyte can begin to corrode.
Technical Library | 2020-03-09 10:50:17.0
A customer called the Helpline seeking advice for cleaning no-clean fluxes prior to applying a conformal coating. The customer's assemblies were manufactured with a no-clean rosin based solder paste (ROL0) and were cleaned with an isopropyl alcohol (IPA) wash. After cleaning, a white residue was sometimes found in areas with high paste concentrations and was interfering with the adhesion of the conformal coating (Figure 1). For conformal coatings to adhere properly, the printed circuit board (PCB) surface must be clean of fluxes and other residues. In addition, ionic contamination left by flux residues can lead to corrosion and dendrite growth, two common causes of electronic opens and shorts. Other residues can lead to unwanted impedance and physical interference with moving parts.
Technical Library | 2021-02-20 00:55:47.0
Customers must be able to rely on accurate humidity indication as an assurance of SMD quality and fitness for processing and use. Without it, they might accept SMDs from suppliers that have already been irreparably damaged by moisture during storage or transit. Or, they might approve for processing SMDs that have been improperly or insufficiently heat-dried. Beyond the processing questions, there are financial questions: Where did the dry pack problems originate and who--supplier, customer, shipper--is financially responsible for the damaged SMDs? In response, Clariant, the originator of the color change humidity indicator card, and a member of the JEDEC's Subcommittee 14.1, "Reliability and Test Methods for Packaged Devices," created a new "non-reversible" halogen and cobalt dichloride free humidity indicator card. This HIC combines two reversible indicators (5% and 10%) with a new non-reversible (60% RH) indicator spot. (Figure 1) The 5% and 10% reversible spots work the way similar indicators do: they change color from blue (dry), to lavender, to pink (wet) to indicate humidity exposure at the indicated levels. If humidity levels drop, they will gradually revert back to blue.
Technical Library | 2023-11-20 09:56:38.0
Understanding The Crucial Role Of Dust Collectors In PCB Depaneling Machines Precision is paramount in PCB manufacturing, but it must go hand in hand with cleanliness. The intrusion of dust and debris can wreak havoc on delicate electronics. This article explores the pivotal role of dust collectors, their operation, and their necessity for various PCB depaneling machines. The Dust Collector's Crucial Function Dust collectors, also known as dust extractors, play an indispensable role in PCB manufacturing. When a PCB depaneling machine or a Laser PCB Depaneling machine is in operation, it generates a significant amount of dust. The dust collector promptly engages its vacuum motor to suction fine particles off the PCB, directing them to a collector equipped with a filtration system. Which Models Of PCB Depanelers Require Dust Collector? Several PCB depaneling machines necessitate dust collectors to ensure precision and cleanliness, including: I.C.T-5700 Offline Depaneling Machine, high precision, easy manual operation, dual platform, high efficiency. I.C.T-IR350 In-line depaneling machine, high precision, rapid operation, suitable for integration into the SMT production line for Industry 4.0 and AI automated production. I.C.T-LCO350 Laser cutting ensures cutting accuracy of 0.002, ideal for precise cutting requirements. I.C.T-100A Desktop PCB depaneling machine with compact size and high precision, suitable for smaller-scale operations. The Science Behind PCB Dust Collectors To prevent charged dust particles from adhering to PCBs, PCB depaneling machines are equipped with ionizing guns. These devices emit ions that neutralize static charges, making dust particles less likely to stick to freshly cut PCBs. The Vacuum Effect: Suctioning Away Dust During PCB depaneling, a cloud of dust is produced. The dust collector utilizes a robust suction system, often powered by vacuum motors, to draw dust away from the work area. Collected dust is transported to a designated collection point within the dust collector. A Difference In Design: I.C.T-5700 Vs. I.C.T-IR350 The placement of the dust collection apparatus distinguishes PCB depaneling machines. I.C.T-5700 has a bottom-mounted system capturing falling dust, while I.C.T-IR350 features a top-mounted system preventing dust settling on the work surface. This strategic difference ensures efficient removal of dust and debris, guaranteeing a clean and precise manufacturing process. Check: If you want to learn about the comparison of I.C.T-5700 and I.C.T-IR350. The Importance Of Filter Replacement The efficiency of a dust collector relies on its filter, necessitating periodic replacement every 1-3 years, depending on usage frequency. Regular filter maintenance ensures optimal performance. Dust Collectors: Keep Your PCB Manufacturing Clean And Precise Precision in PCB manufacturing is not solely about cutting-edge machinery but also about cleanliness. If you seek a dust collector for your PCB depaneling machine, contact us today to explore your options. Ensure your operations maintain cleanliness, efficiency, and meet the high standards of modern PCB manufacturing. Don't let dust compromise your precision – let's keep it clean together!
