Technical Library | 2024-08-29 18:30:46.0
The mechanical experience of consumption (i.e., feel, softness, and texture) of many foods is intrinsic to their enjoyable consumption, one example being the habit of twisting a sandwich cookie to reveal the cream. Scientifically, sandwich cookies present a paradigmatic model of parallel plate rheometry in which a fluid sample, the cream, is held between two parallel plates, the wafers. When the wafers are counterrotated, the cream deforms, flows, and ultimately fractures, leading to separation of the cookie into two pieces. We introduce Oreology (/Oriːˈɒl@dʒi/), from the Nabisco Oreo for "cookie" and the Greek rheo logia for "flow study," as the study of the flow and fracture of sandwich cookies. Using a laboratory rheometer, we measure failure mechanics of the eponymous Oreo's "creme" and probe the influence of rotation rate, amount of creme, and flavor on the stress–strain curve and postmortem creme distribution. The results typically show adhesive failure, in which nearly all (95%) creme remains on one wafer after failure, and we ascribe this to the production process, as we confirm that the creme-heavy side is uniformly oriented within most of the boxes of Oreos. However, cookies in boxes stored under potentially adverse conditions (higher temperature and humidity) show cohesive failure resulting in the creme dividing between wafer halves after failure. Failure mechanics further classify the creme texture as "mushy." Finally, we introduce and validate the design of an open-source, three-dimensionally printed Oreometer powered by rubber bands and coins for encouraging higher precision home studies to contribute new discoveries to this incipient field of study
Technical Library | 2023-03-16 18:57:32.0
Outline * Introduction & Background * Factors Affecting CAF Formation * CAF Formation ** Catastrophic Field Failure of Military Hardware ** Laboratory Experiments * Conclusion
Technical Library | 2010-10-28 01:27:38.0
Optical waveguides based on organic materials have been fabricated in a laboratory environment but the scaling and manufacturing processes needed to produce these waveguides have been scant. The volume production of low loss organic waveguides in a conven
Technical Library | 2021-09-15 18:44:20.0
Analyzing failures is a critical process in determining the physical root causes of problems. The process is complex, draws upon many different technical disciplines, and uses a variety of observation, inspection, and laboratory techniques. One of the key factors in properly performing a failure analysis is keeping an open mind while examining and analyzing the evidence to foster a clear, unbiased perspective of the failure.
Technical Library | 1999-05-07 10:23:43.0
Software decoding of Dolby Digital allows it to become a baseline capability on the PC, with greater flexibility than a hardware approach. Intel's MMX™ technology provides instructions that can significantly speed up the execution of the Dolby Digital decoder, freeing up the processor to perform other tasks such as video decoding and/or audio enhancement. Intel has worked closely with Dolby Laboratories to define an implementation of Dolby Digital based on MMX technology that has achieved Dolby's certification of quality.
Technical Library | 2016-09-15 17:10:40.0
This paper describes the purpose, methodology, and results to date of thermal endurance testing performed at the company. The intent of this thermal aging testing is to establish long term reliability data for printed wiring board (PWB) materials for use in applications that require 20+ years (100,000+ hours) of operational life under different thermal conditions. Underwriters Laboratory (UL) testing only addresses unclad laminate (resin and glass) and not a fabricated PWB that undergoes many processing steps, includes copper and plated through holes, and has a complex mechanical structure. UL testing is based on a 5000 hour expected operation life of the electronic product. Therefore, there is a need to determine the dielectric breakdown / degradation of the composite printed circuit board material and mechanical structure over time and temperature for mission critical applications.
Technical Library | 2020-11-19 20:35:26.0
Simultaneously with the first complex electronic circuits, the task of creating effective means of diagnosing and repairing them appeared. In previous decades, specialized programmable stands were used for diagnostics of serial electronic products, as well as various testers and probes for troubleshooting during their operation. But the dramatic increase in the density / cost factor, in parallel with the very rapid modification of electronic products, made programmable stands economically ineffective even in mass production. The use of traditional laboratory equipment (oscilloscopes, multimeters, etc.) requires power supply to the defective modules, which is often impossible and unsafe, since it can lead to failure of the working modules of the module. In addition, the use of this equipment requires documentation and highly qualified personnel. More automated and sophisticated signature analysis systems came to the rescue in solving this problem. A feature of these devices is that they allow you to test digital and analog assemblies without dismantling components and without supplying voltage.
Technical Library | 2019-10-29 02:55:33.0
For every 10 ℃ increase in temperature, the reaction rate is twice to three times. This means that for every 10 ℃ increase in temperature, the life span of the product will be halved, and when the temperature rises by 20 ℃, the life span of the product will be reduced to 1/4. High temperature will lead to aging, oxidation, evaporation, physical deformation and so on. Low temperature will lead to embrittlement, ice formation, viscosity and solidification degree, loss of mechanical strength, physical shrinkage and so on. When the product is shipped, stored and operated in the environment, it will be endangered. In addition, each product has regulatory and certification requirements, and it is important to evaluate reliability and durability before it is put on the market. In general, according to the IEC60068 test standard, it requires the volume of the laboratory to be at least five times the total volume of the sample under test. Haida constant temperature and humidity box can help you meet this demand. So with the fast developmement of manufacturing industry,test becomes a necessity to see wether the product is able to meet regulated standards in R&D satge,Climatest Symor specializes in handling temperature and humidity,we supply environmental test chamber to China State-owned Research Institutes and laboratories,and obtain excellent reputation from international cllients,our company put much efforts on chamber R&D ,striving to supply best-quality climate simulation equipment and after-sale service. For details,pls visit our official website www.climatechambers.com
Technical Library | 2019-11-13 02:09:44.0
Dry oven is a must instrument almost for every laboratory in different industries,with nearly 20 years efforts and innovation,Climatest now masters core technique of dry oven manufacturing,no matter on temperature uniformity or temperature stability.Behind the quality is 15 years of consistent persistence,strong belief in excellence; from design to R & D to production, from promotion to sales to installation; every step should reach excellence,What you see, you use our products, you choose, you feel that we do our best,this is our faith. Dry Ovens are used to dry or temper electronic components,material tests,torrefaction, wax-melting ,high temperature aging ,preheating and sterilization in industrial and mining enterprises, laboratories and scientific research institutes. .Exterior chamber is made by reinforced steel with painting; working chamber made by anti-corrosion stainless steel SUS#304 .Intelligent PID control, LED controller with over-temperature alarm,timing range within 0~9999min .Hot air circulation system composed of Germany imported low-noisy air blower and optimal air duct which ensure uniform temperature distribution .Double layers of glass door, large transparent window to observe specimen .Forced air convection Climatest manufactures desktop and floor-standing models with RT+10°C-200°C,250°C,300°C,350°C,400°C temperature range,and customized as per special requirement,if you wanna know more details about our dry oven,please visit our product page:https://climatechambers.com/industrial-dry-oven/200-degree-c-hot-air-oven.html
Technical Library | 1999-08-05 10:57:54.0
This study examines ergonomic stressors associated with front-end process tool maintenance, relates them to decreased machine utilization, and proposes solution strategies to reduce their negative impact on productivity.
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