Electronics Manufacturing Technical Articles

Electronics Manufacturing Technical Articles

Papers and articles related to SMT, PCB & EMS industry.

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1882 SMT / PCB Assembly Related Technical Articles

Creep Corrosion On Lead-Free Printed Circuit Boards In High Sulfur Environments

Mar 16, 2022 | Randy Schueller

The material and process changes required to eliminate lead from electronics as required by Restriction of Hazardous Substance (RoHS) legislation was likely to result in new quality and reliability issues. The industry had over 50 years experience with tin-lead solders. Changing to different solder alloys, fluxes, termination plating materials, PCB surface finishes and soldering temperatures in a span of 1-2 years was a high risk undertaking. Although many potential issues were uncovered and resolved, one new failure mechanism was not foreseen by the industry. Immersion silver (ImAg) was widely adopted to replace hot air solder level (HASL) as the surface finish on PCBs. ImAg was known to tarnish when exposed to sulfur, but it was a surprise to find that it suffers extensive creep corrosion when the sulfur and humidity levels are high enough. Failures can occur in as little as a few weeks in industries such as rubber manufacturing, water treatment, paper mills or fertilizer production, among others. This paper uncovers the root cause of the creep corrosion mechanism and shows how to eliminate it. Corrosive environments were measured and the results of field testing of various surface finishes in these environments is shared. Also presented are some more effective corrosion test methods currently under development....

Publisher: Dell Inc

Dell Inc

Dell is an American company that develops, sells, repairs, and supports computers and related products and services, and is owned by its parent company of Dell Technologies.

Round Rock, Texas, USA

Manufacturer

A Wearable Medical Sensor for Provisional Healthcare

Mar 09, 2022 | Amir Javadpour and HamidrezaMemarzadeh-Tehran

This paper presents the design and realization of a context-aware wireless health monitoring system for recording the heartbeat (HR) and respiration (RR) rate based on an indirect measurement approach. The system consists of a contact-less medical sensor as well as a communication infrastructure for handling the transmission and reception of the measured results. The contact-less sensor includes a highly sensitive tri-axial accelerometer, an accurate temperature and air pressure sensor that enable one to inspect patients' health condition by continuously monitoring of two critical signs related to the cardiorespiratory system....

Publisher: University of Tehran

University of Tehran

The University of Tehran is the oldest modern university located in Tehran, Iran. Based on its historical, socio-cultural, and political pedigree, as well as its research and teaching profile, UT has been nicknamed "The Mother Uni

Tehran, Iran

Research Institute / Laboratory / School

Utilising Commercially Fabricated Printed Circuit Boards as an Electrochemical Biosensing Platform

Mar 09, 2022 | Uroš Zupancic, Joshua Rainbow , Pedro Estrela and Despina Moschou

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) offer a promising platform for the development of electronicsassisted biomedical diagnostic sensors and microsystems. The long-standing industrial basis offers distinctive advantages for cost-effective, reproducible, and easily integrated sample-in-answer-out diagnostic microsystems. Nonetheless, the commercial techniques used in the fabrication of PCBs produce various contaminants potentially degrading severely their stability and repeatability in electrochemical sensing applications. Herein, we analyse for the first time such critical technological considerations, allowing the exploitation of commercial PCB platforms as reliable electrochemical sensing platforms....

Publisher: University of Bath

University of Bath

The University of Bath is a public research university located in Bath, Somerset, United Kingdom. It received its royal charter in 1966, along with a number of other institutions following the Robbins Report.

Bath, United Kingdom

Research Institute / Laboratory / School

Evolution of Wearable Devices with Real-Time Disease Monitoring for Personalized Healthcare

Mar 09, 2022 | Kyeonghye Guk, Gaon Han, Jaewoo Lim, Keunwon Jeong, Taejoon Kang, Eun-Kyung Lim, and Juyeon Jung

Wearable devices are becoming widespread in a wide range of applications, from healthcare to biomedical monitoring systems, which enable continuous measurement of critical biomarkers for medical diagnostics, physiological health monitoring and evaluation. Especially as the elderly population grows globally, various chronic and acute diseases become increasingly important, and the medical industry is changing dramatically due to the need for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis and real-time monitoring of long-term health conditions....

Publisher: Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology

Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology

Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology is a government research institute in Daejeon, South Korea.

Daejeon, South Korea

Research Institute / Laboratory / School

Smart Sensors for Healthcare and Medical Applications

Mar 09, 2022 | Domenico Formica and Emiliano Schena

This special issue on "Smart Sensors for Healthcare and Medical Applications" focuses on new sensing technologies, measurement techniques, and their applications in medicine and healthcare. We proposed this topic, being aware of the pivotal role that smart sensors can play for the improvement of healthcare services in both acute and chronic conditions as well as for prevention towards a healthy life and active aging. In this editorial we shortly describe the potential of smart sensors in the aforementioned applications, before moving on providing a general overview of the 24 articles selected and published in this special issue....

Publisher: Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma

Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma

Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma is a for-profit college situated in Trigoria, founded in 1993 and promoted by the Beatus Alvaro del Portillo, according to the principles of the Catholic prelature of the Opus Dei.

Roma RM, Italy

Research Institute / Laboratory / School

Study on Medical Sensors

Mar 09, 2022 | Nadine Boudargham, Jacques Bou Abdo, Jacques Demerjian, and Christophe Guyeux

The advances in electronics allowed the development of smart miniature devices called medical sensors, that can collect physiological data from the human body and its surrounding and send it wirelessly to healthcare providers in order to help avoiding life threatening events. This article presents a general overview on the types of medical sensors, their properties, and the wireless technologies used to convey collected data. Also, this article is the first to provide a summary about the wearable sensors' brands available in the market, along with their interface and connection types....

Publisher: University of Notre Dame

University of Notre Dame

One of America's leading undergraduate teaching institutions, Notre Dame also has been at the forefront in research and scholarship. The aerodynamics of glider flight, the transmission of wireless messages, and research

Notre Dame, Indiana, USA

Research Institute / Laboratory / School

The Effects of Long-Term Storage on Solderability of Semiconductor Components

Mar 02, 2022 | Rochester Electronics LLC

In today's consumer-driven electronic marketplace many products have a limited useful life and component suppliers are moving to shorter product lifecycles. However, there are several industries that require semiconductor components to have a much longer lifecycle. In many cases application lifecycles within the Industrial, Automotive, Medical, Aerospace and Defense sectors may extend up to 30 years or more. As a result, an ongoing component supply becomes critical to sustaining these applications throughout their useful lifecycle. For this reason, it is often a requirement that semiconductor components be stored for extended periods of time after production ends....

Publisher: Rochester Electronics LLC

Rochester Electronics LLC

Rochester Electronics is the world's largest continuous source of semiconductors–100% Authorized by over 70 leading semiconductor manufacturers. As an original manufacturer stocking distributor, Rochester has over 15 billion ...

Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA

Other

Effects Of Storage Environments On The Solderability Of Nickel Palladium- Gold Finish With Pb-Based And Pb- Free Solders

Mar 02, 2022 | Edwin Lopez, Paul Vianco, Samuel Lucero, and Carly George

The solderability of a nickel-palladium-gold (Ni-Pd-Au) finish on a Cu substrate was evaluated for the Pb-free solder, 95.5Sn-3.9Ag-0.6 Cu (wt.%, abbreviated Sn-Ag-Cu) and the eutectic 63Sn-37 Pb (Sn-Pb) alloy. The solder temperature was 245ºC. The flux was a rosin-based mildly activated (RMA) solution. The Ni-Pd-Au finish was tested in the as-fabricated condition as well as after exposure to one of the following accelerated storage (shelf life) regiments: (1) 33.6, 67.2, or 336 hours in the Battelle Class 2 flowing gas environment or (2) 5, 16, or 24 hours of steam aging (88ºC, 90%RH)....

Publisher: Sandia National Laboratories

Sandia National Laboratories

For more than 60 years, Sandia has delivered essential science and technology to resolve the nation's most challenging security issues.

Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA

Other

Solderability after Long-Term Storage

Mar 02, 2022 | Joelle Arnold, Cheryl Tulkoff and Greg Caswell

The effect of long-term storage on manufacturability and reliability is an area of major concern for companies that attempt to proactively manage component availability and obsolescence. A number of issues can arise depending on the technology and storage environment. Mechanisms of concern can include solderability, stress driven diffusive voiding, kirkendahl voiding, and tin whiskering. Of all of these, solderability / wettability remains the number one challenge in longterm storage....

Publisher: DfR Solutions (acquired by ANSYS Inc)

DfR Solutions (acquired by ANSYS Inc)

DfR Solutions has world-renowned expertise in applying the science of Reliability Physics to electrical and electronics technologies, and is a leading provider of quality, reliability, and durability (QRD) research and consulting

College Park,

Consultant / Service Provider

Considerations for Minimizing Radiation Doses to Components during X-ray Inspection

Feb 21, 2022 | David Bernard, Richard C. Blish, II

The ability to undertake non-destructive testing on semiconductor devices, during both their manufacture and their subsequent use in printed circuit boards (PCBs), has become ever more important for checking product quality without compromising productivity. The use of x-ray inspection not only provides a potentially non-destructive test but also allows investigation within optically hidden areas, such as the wire bonding within packages and the quality of post solder reflow of area array devices (e.g. BGAs, CSPs and flip chips)....

Publisher: Nordson DAGE

Nordson DAGE

The leading provider of award winning bond testing equipment and continues to invest significantly in research and development to remain at the cutting edge of bond tester technology.

Aylesbury. Buckinghamshire,

Consultant / Service Provider, Manufacturer

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