X-ray fluorescence (XRF): a non-destructive analytical technique used to determine the chemical composition of materials XRF occurs when a fluorescent (or secondary) X-ray is emitted from a sample that is being excited by a primary X-ray source. Because this fluorescence is unique to the elemental composition of the sample, XRF is an excellent technology for ...
Quantitative determination of most economic valuable metals in waste is the first fundamental operation of evaluating the feasibility of recycling processes. Field-portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (FPXRFs) represent a more practical, efficient, and economic tool in determining the elemental composition of samples with respect to conventional analytical ....
This work aimed to characterize the deportment/concentration and liberation/association of the metals and light elements within mechanically processed waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) that hold the complex and heterogeneous structure and distribution of different material components. Waste PCBs passed through a series of mechanical processing (i.e., comminution and ....
Manufacturers and suppliers of electronic and electrical products to member states within the EU must comply with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) and WEEE (Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment) regulations. Six materials are restricted under these directives: lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), hexavalent chromium (Cr VI), polybrominated ...
The purpose of this paper is to compare the performance of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) instruments with different detector systems (proportional counter, positive intrinsic negative and Si drift detectors) for measuring thin Au and Pd coatings on printed circuit boards and to investigate different ways of background treatment. It also aims to provide and certify ...
Labeling before paste printing -- We previously labelled PCBs after assembly but before AOI. Now we need to trace panels during assembly as well, so have the need to apply labels before the assembly process starts. Our stencils are thus not stepped to accommodate labels. I suppose the answer is "it depends..." but are there general guidelines regarding proximity of labels to apertures to ensure that the label will not negatively impact the print?
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DEK 265 GSX missprint -- hi, I have a 265GSX machine that prints firs PCB in batch correctly and then missprints the rest(there may be acceptable prints by accident). after hitting END RUN and RUN again, first PCB comes out perfect but others are bad. paste is randomly shifted on X axis left and right by up to 0.5 mm approximately. I tried loading MINT and changing Euro SYS card No3(address 2) with same results. any idea what may be wrong? thank you in advance.
How will a spacecraft harness connect every electrical device on the Europa Clipper, a Jupiter-orbiting spacecraft that will study Jupiter's icy moon Europa? Jacklyn Perry, harness engineer at Johns Hopkins ... | IPC
SMTA - Surface Mount Technology Association is a non-profit international association of companies and individuals (totalling 4,000) involved in all aspects of advanced electronics assembly, surface mount and related technologies.
IPC - Association Connecting Electronics Industries is a US-based trade association dedicated to the competitive excellence and financial success of its nearly 2,600 member companies which represent all facets of the electronic interconnection industry, including design, printed wiring board manufacturing and electronics assembly.